Bipolar Disorder

Bipolar disorder is a mental health condition characterized by alternating periods of depression and elevated mood, known as mania or hypomania. These mood episodes can vary in duration and intensity and may make it difficult to maintain daily routines, relationships, or work responsibilities.

During depressive periods, individuals may feel sad, drained, or unable to find enjoyment in activities they once loved. During manic or hypomanic periods, they may feel unusually energetic, talkative, or confident, sometimes acting impulsively or sleeping very little.

There are several types of bipolar disorder, including:

• Bipolar I disorder: Involves at least one episode of full mania, often accompanied by episodes of depression.
• Bipolar II disorder: Involves episodes of hypomania (a less intense form of mania) and depressive episodes.
• Cyclothymic disorder: Involves milder but chronic fluctuations in mood over an extended period of time.

What are the symptoms of bipolar disorder?

Depressive symptoms may include:

• Persistent sadness or hopelessness
• Fatigue or loss of energy
• Difficulty concentrating or making decisions
• Withdrawal from activities or relationships
• Changes in sleep or appetite

Manic or hypomanic symptoms may include:

• Increased energy or activity levels
• Reduced need for sleep
• Rapid or pressured speech
• Racing thoughts
• Impulsive decisions or risky behavior
• Feeling unusually cheerful, confident, or irritable

These mood shifts are different from typical emotional ups and downs and often require clinical support to manage effectively.

What causes bipolar disorder?

The exact cause is not fully understood, but research suggests that a combination of genetic, neurological, and environmental factors is involved. Imbalances in brain chemistry, family history of mood disorders, chronic stress, or significant life changes may contribute to its development.

How is bipolar disorder treated?

At Bluegrass Mental Health, the independent providers can construct individualized treatment plans that may include:

• Medication: Mood stabilizers, antidepressants, or antipsychotic medications to help balance mood.
• Therapy: Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), supportive counseling, or skills-based therapy to improve coping and emotional regulation.
• Ongoing support: Education, lifestyle planning, sleep routines, and stress-management strategies.

With consistent care, many individuals living with bipolar disorder achieve stability and lead meaningful, satisfying lives. Call Bluegrass Mental Health or schedule online to begin treatment today.